History of Computer |The origin of the computer

                                  History of Computer

The word computer comes from the Greek word "compute". The word compute means to calculate. And the word computer means calculating machine. But now a computer can no longer be called just a calculating machine. A computer is a device that receives data and analyses and presents it through various processes.

The appearance of the modern computer did not come in a day, this device was created through the testing of experts for ages. The abacus was used for calculations in China in about 3000 BC. It is from this Abacus that the idea of making the modern calculator is believed to have come. Counting was done by going round and round using some beads i.e. circles. The first idea of the computer originates from the ancient Abacus.

1. Abacus :

An abacus was used to make a rectangular wooden or metal frame with beads running on some wires. By correctly placing the beads on the bars, simple addition and subtraction can be done easily. The Japanese, Greeks, Romans and Italians used abacus for calculations.

2. Napier's Bones :

In 1617, a Scottish mathematician named John Napier developed another manual calculating device known as Napier's Bone. It can multiply numbers using a set of bone rods.

3. Pascal Adding Machine :

In 1642, Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician, developed a new device called Pascal's adding machine, or Pascaline. It was the first mechanism that used a series of eight rotating wheels to perform addition and subtraction.

4. Leibniz's stepped reckoner :

The step calculator (or stepped calculator) is a digital mechanical calculator invented by the German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz in 1673, which can add, subtract, divide, multiply, and find square roots.

5. Hollerith's Tabulator & Punched Card :

In 1889, Hermann Hollerith, a German scientist, developed a mechanical tabulating system called the punched card system. The Hollerith punched card system has been widely used as a means of data storage and tabulation since the late 19th century.

6. Babbage's Difference Engine & Analytical Engine :

In 1822, Charles Babbage, an English mathematician, built a machine known as the differential engine. It is an automatic, mechanical calculator. In 1833, Charles Babbage designed another machine called the Analytical Engine. Data and instructions are given as input to this device and after processing, it automatically produces output. Modern computer systems also follow these input-process-output (IPO) techniques these days. Analytical engines were the first form of modern digital computers. So Charles Babbage is called the father of the computer.

After that.

ENIAC The First Electronic Computer : 

In 1946, Professor J. Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly, team leaders at the University of Pennsylvania, USA, built the first fully electronic computer called ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator).

 IBM PC - Personal Computer :

The IBM personal computer, commonly known as the IBM PC, was introduced on August 12, 1981, by a team of engineers led by Don Eastridge of IBM (International Business Machines) in Florida. IBM PC is also known as a 'microcomputer' or 'home computer'.

Modern Computer :

The IBM PC was not as powerful as modern high-speed personal computers, but it marked the beginning of the commercial personal computer era. Nowadays HP, DELL, IBM, INTEL, ASUS and many other companies have developed various advanced versions of modern personal computers like IBM-650, IBM-5150, Intel's P4, i3, i5, i7, i9, Apple's iPad, and Microsoft.